doxorubicin + NFL-TBS.40-63

This is a combination therapy consisting of doxorubicin, a well-established anthracycline chemotherapeutic agent, and NFL-TBS.40-63, a synthetic peptide derived from the tubulin-binding site of the neurofilament light (NFL) protein. Doxorubicin acts primarily by intercalating DNA and inhibiting topoisomerase II, leading to DNA damage and apoptosis in rapidly dividing cells. NFL-TBS.40-63 selectively penetrates glioblastoma and other cancer cells where it binds to tubulin, disrupts microtubule polymerization, destroys the microtubule network, inhibits cell division, and induces cell death[5][6][1]. The combination has been investigated in nanoparticle formulations (often gold nanoparticle-based) for enhanced delivery and synergistic anticancer effects against glioblastoma stem cells and pancreatic cancer models[2][3][1]. This approach aims to improve tumor targeting while reducing toxicity to healthy tissues.