Doxorubicin and Cyclophosphamide

Doxorubicin and Cyclophosphamide (AC) is a combination chemotherapy regimen primarily used in the treatment of various cancers, notably breast cancer. Doxorubicin, an anthracycline, exerts its cytotoxic effects by intercalating into DNA, inhibiting topoisomerase II, and generating free radicals, which collectively lead to DNA damage and programmed cell death. Cyclophosphamide, an alkylating agent, forms covalent bonds with DNA, leading to cross-linking of DNA strands and interference with DNA replication and transcription. The synergistic action of these two agents aims to effectively halt cancer cell proliferation and induce cell death.