embelin

Embelin is a naturally occurring benzoquinone compound primarily isolated from the dried berries of the Embelia ribes plant. It has a long history of use in traditional medicine systems, particularly in Ayurveda, for its antihelminthic and contraceptive properties[1][9]. Modern pharmacological research has identified embelin as a potent small-molecule inhibitor of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP), making it unique among non-peptide molecules targeting this anti-apoptotic protein[1][3]. Embelin exhibits multiple biological activities including antitumor (notably against prostate cancer), cytotoxic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory (notably via NF-kappaB inhibition), and chemopreventive effects[1][3][4]. It also shows potential therapeutic benefits in autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis by modulating immune cell differentiation and inflammatory pathways[2]. Additionally, preclinical studies suggest roles in diabetes management without promoting weight gain[5], myocardial protection through antioxidant/antiapoptotic mechanisms[3], and wound healing.

Other names

embelinembelic acidemberine2,5-dihydroxy-3-undecyl-1,4-benzoquinone2,5-dihydroxy-3-undecyl-p-benzoquinoneEMbeliaquinone