ephedrine + caffeine

Ephedrine + caffeine is a pharmacological combination primarily used for weight loss and as a stimulant. Ephedrine is a sympathomimetic amine that acts as an agonist at alpha and beta adrenergic receptors, stimulating the release of norepinephrine, which increases thermogenesis and suppresses appetite. Caffeine, a methylxanthine stimulant, inhibits phosphodiesterase enzymes and antagonizes adenosine receptors in the brain, further increasing cAMP levels and enhancing the stimulatory effects of norepinephrine. When used together, these agents have synergistic effects on metabolism, cardiovascular parameters (such as increased heart rate and blood pressure), energy expenditure, fat oxidation, and appetite suppression. The combination has been associated with enhanced weight loss compared to either agent alone but also carries increased risk of adverse cardiovascular events[2][4][8]. This combination is not approved by regulatory agencies for weight loss due to safety concerns.

Other names

ECA stack (when combined with aspirin)ephedra + caffeine (in supplement context)