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Erythrina caffra extract is a botanical extract derived from the seeds, bark, or leaves of *Erythrina caffra* (commonly known as the coast coral tree), a medicinal plant native to Southern Africa. The extract is rich in bioactive secondary metabolites, including alkaloids (such as erythraline, erythrinine, and cristanine A), flavonoids, and phenolics. It exhibits significant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. In preclinical models of Alzheimer's disease, *Erythrina caffra* extract has been shown to restore memory, modulate cholinergic dysfunction by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and elevating acetylcholine levels, and attenuate neuroinflammation and oxidative stress by reducing levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-6) and lipid peroxidation markers (malondialdehyde).
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