ES009

ES009 is a monoclonal antibody developed by Elpiscience Biopharmaceuticals that targets leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 2 (LILRB2), also known as ILT4, which is predominantly expressed on myeloid cells. LILRB2 acts as an inhibitory immune checkpoint in the tumor microenvironment, suppressing anti-tumor immunity. By binding to and inhibiting LILRB2, ES009 reprograms tumor-associated macrophages from an M2 (pro-tumor) to an M1 (anti-tumor) phenotype, leading to increased pro-inflammatory cytokine release and enhanced T cell activation. This mechanism aims to overcome immune suppression in solid tumors and potentially address resistance to PD(L)1 therapies. ES009 is currently being evaluated in phase 1 clinical trials for advanced or metastatic solid tumors[1][5][7].