escin

Escin is a natural mixture of triterpenoid saponins isolated from the seeds of the horse chestnut tree (Aesculus hippocastanum). It is the principal active component responsible for most of the medicinal properties attributed to horse chestnut extracts. Escin exhibits anti-inflammatory, venotonic (vein-protecting), anti-edematous (reducing swelling), and vasoprotective effects. Its main active compound is β-escin; other components include α-escin and cryptoescin[1][6][8]. Mechanistically, escin acts by inhibiting hyaluronidase activity (thus protecting capillary permeability), enhancing endothelial nitric oxide synthesis via increased calcium ion permeability in endothelial cells, inducing prostaglandin F2α release, antagonizing serotonin and histamine receptors to reduce vascular permeability and inflammation[1][6]. Clinically it is used primarily for short-term treatment of chronic venous insufficiency and related conditions such as edema or varicose veins. There is also evidence supporting its use in reducing post-operative or traumatic swelling[1][6].

Brand names

Reparil

Other names

七叶皂苷aescusanescin USP/EP/BP