estradiol + melatonin + progesterone

This is a combination therapy consisting of estradiol (a form of estrogen), melatonin (a neurohormone regulating circadian rhythms), and progesterone (a progestogen hormone). The combination has been studied as a novel hormone therapy for menopausal women, aiming to relieve menopausal symptoms while potentially reducing the risk of breast cancer compared to traditional hormone replacement therapies. Estradiol acts primarily via estrogen receptors to regulate reproductive and other tissues; progesterone acts via progesterone receptors to counterbalance estrogen's effects on the endometrium; melatonin modulates circadian rhythms and exhibits anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, anti-metastatic, anti-angiogenic, and antioxidant effects in various models. Preclinical studies suggest that this combination may decrease tumor incidence and delay tumor onset in certain breast cancer models by acting on mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways (MEK1/2/5) and downstream effectors such as Runx2, NF-κB, Rankl, Elf-5, and β1-integrin. Melatonin also appears to inhibit ovarian aromatase expression and increase uterine estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and progesterone receptor A levels[2][4][6].

Other names

MEMP HTMEPT