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etanercept + adalimumab + infliximab + certolizumab + golimumab + tozilizumab + abatacept
- Development stage
- Unknown
- Lead developer
- Medical University Graz
- Modality
- Fc-Fusion Proteins → Carrier/Scaffold Proteins → Recombinant Proteins and Enzymes, Monoclonal Antibodies → Antibody-Based Therapeutics
- Administration
- Subcutaneous, Intravenous
01
Overview
This entry represents a cohort of biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) evaluated in a clinical study by the Medical University of Graz. The study, "Ultrasound for bDMARD Withdrawal in RA" (NCT02064400), investigated whether musculoskeletal ultrasound could predict disease flares in rheumatoid arthritis patients who achieved clinical remission and subsequently discontinued their bDMARD therapy. The specific agents included in this cohort are the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors etanercept, adalimumab, infliximab, certolizumab pegol, and golimumab; the interleukin-6 (IL-6) receptor antagonist tocilizumab (spelled tozilizumab in the input); and the T-cell costimulation blocker abatacept. These drugs represent various mechanisms of action targeting the inflammatory cascade in autoimmune diseases and are typically used in combination with synthetic DMARDs like methotrexate.
- Brand names
- Actemra
- Other names
- bDMARDsbiological DMARDs
02
Targets
CD80 (T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD80)CD86 (T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD86)IL-6R (Interleukin-6 receptor subunit alpha)TNFA (Tumor necrosis factor alpha (soluble))LTA (Lymphotoxin-alpha)
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