ethambutol + isoniazid + prednisone + pyrazinamide + rifampicin

This is a five-drug combination consisting of ethambutol, isoniazid, prednisone, pyrazinamide, and rifampicin. Four of these agents—ethambutol, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and rifampicin—are first-line antitubercular drugs used in the intensive phase of tuberculosis (TB) treatment. They act synergistically to inhibit various aspects of Mycobacterium tuberculosis metabolism and cell wall synthesis[2][3][4][5]. Prednisone is a synthetic glucocorticoid corticosteroid with potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties; it may be added to TB regimens for specific indications such as severe TB or TB with significant inflammatory complications (e.g., tuberculous meningitis or pericarditis). The combination targets both actively replicating and dormant mycobacterial populations while also modulating host immune response.