flavipin

Flavipin is a small molecule natural product, chemically identified as 3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methylphthalaldehyde, that is being investigated for its potential in treating autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis. It functions as a dual-action modulator of the immune response: it acts as an agonist of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (Ahr) and an inhibitor of the RNA-binding protein AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 5a (Arid5a). By activating Ahr and blocking Arid5a, flavipin prevents the stabilization of pro-inflammatory mRNAs, including interleukin-6 (IL-6), Ox40, and STAT3, thereby reducing neuroinflammation and demyelination in experimental models of autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Originally isolated from various fungal species such as *Aspergillus flavipes*, flavipin has demonstrated the ability to ameliorate disease symptoms in preclinical models by modulating T cell and macrophage activity and inducing the expression of miR-132.

Other names

3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methylphthalaldehyde3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methylbenzene-1,2-dicarbaldehyde