fludarabine + alemtuzumab

Fludarabine + alemtuzumab is a combination chemotherapy and immunotherapy regimen primarily used in the treatment of relapsed or refractory B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Fludarabine is a purine analog antimetabolite that inhibits DNA synthesis by interfering with DNA polymerase alpha, ribonucleotide reductase, and DNA primase, leading to cell death in rapidly dividing cells[1]. Alemtuzumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting CD52 antigen, a glycoprotein highly expressed on the surface of T and B lymphocytes. By binding to CD52 antigen, alemtuzumab induces antibody-dependent cellular cytolysis and complement-mediated lysis of these cells[4][6][8]. The combination exploits both direct cytotoxic effects on leukemic cells (fludarabine) and immune-mediated depletion of malignant lymphocytes (alemtuzumab), offering efficacy for patients who are refractory to standard therapies or have poor prognostic factors[2][5].

Brand names

Campath (for alemtuzumab)

Other names

FluCam regimen