fosinopril + losartan

Fosinopril + losartan is a combination of two antihypertensive agents, each with distinct mechanisms of action. Fosinopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor that lowers blood pressure by inhibiting the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor. This results in decreased aldosterone secretion, reduced sodium and water retention, and increased bradykinin levels leading to vasodilation[8][3][5]. Losartan is an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) that selectively blocks the binding of angiotensin II to the type 1 (AT1) receptor on vascular smooth muscle and adrenal gland tissues, preventing vasoconstriction and aldosterone-mediated effects[10][6][5]. The combination may provide additive or synergistic effects in lowering blood pressure and reducing proteinuria but carries a risk for significant drug interactions such as hyperkalemia or renal impairment; thus, it should only be used under close medical supervision[2][7][1].