gardenia jasminoides polysaccharides

Gardenia jasminoides polysaccharides (GPS) are bioactive carbohydrate polymers extracted from the fruit of *Gardenia jasminoides* Ellis, a plant widely used in traditional herbal medicine for metabolic and inflammatory conditions. GPS is currently being investigated for its therapeutic potential in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Its primary mechanism of action involves the modulation of the gut microbiota, specifically by increasing the population of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria. This shift in microbial composition leads to elevated systemic levels of butyric acid, which subsequently upregulates the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ). Activation of PPARγ improves insulin sensitivity, enhances glucose tolerance, and reduces fasting blood glucose levels. Preclinical studies in T2DM models have also demonstrated that GPS can mitigate damage to pancreatic tissues and improve overall metabolic homeostasis.

Other names

Gardenia jasminoides Ellis polysaccharidesZhi Zi polysaccharidesGardenia polysaccharide