gemtuzumab ozogamicin + anthracycline

Gemtuzumab ozogamicin + anthracycline is a combination therapy used in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), particularly in CD33-positive disease. Gemtuzumab ozogamicin is an antibody-drug conjugate that targets CD33, a myeloid differentiation antigen, and is linked to the cytotoxic agent calicheamicin. Upon binding to CD33, the conjugate is internalized and releases calicheamicin, resulting in DNA double-strand breaks and cell death. Anthracyclines (such as daunorubicin or idarubicin) are chemotherapeutic agents that intercalate into DNA and inhibit topoisomerase II, leading to further DNA damage and apoptosis. The combination is commonly used in induction regimens (e.g., "7+3": cytarabine for 7 days plus anthracycline for 3 days) with the goal of improving remission rates and survival in newly diagnosed or relapsed/refractory AML. This regimen is notable for its increased efficacy in certain subtypes of AML, but also carries risks such as myelosuppression and hepatotoxicity, especially sinusoidal obstruction syndrome[1][3][5][6].