geranylgeraniol

Geranylgeraniol (GG) is a naturally occurring 20-carbon acyclic diterpene alcohol and a key intermediate in the mevalonate pathway, primarily sourced from annatto (*Bixa orellana*). It serves as a metabolic precursor for the synthesis of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP), which is essential for the post-translational geranylgeranylation of small GTPases (such as Rab, Rho, and Ras), the endogenous production of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), and the synthesis of menaquinone-4 (Vitamin K2). Clinically, GG is being investigated for its ability to mitigate statin-associated muscle symptoms (myopathy) by bypassing HMG-CoA reductase inhibition to restore depleted GGPP levels. It is also under evaluation for its potential to support healthy testosterone levels in middle-aged adults, improve bone health by modulating osteoblast and osteoclast activity, and address metabolic disruptions in conditions like Mevalonate Kinase Deficiency (MKD) and diabetic neuropathy.

Brand names

GG-GoldGG Pure

Other names

GGOH(E,E,E)-geranylgeraniol3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadeca-2,6,10,14-tetraen-1-ol