ginkgolic acid

Ginkgolic acid is a phenolic compound found in the leaves and seeds of Ginkgo biloba. It is structurally related to anacardic acids and exists in several forms depending on the length and saturation of its alkyl side chain; the most studied form is ginkgolic acid C17:1. Ginkgolic acids are known for their broad biological activities including neuroprotective, antimicrobial (notably against Gram-positive bacteria), antitumoral, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral effects. Mechanistically, ginkgolic acids act as multi-target inhibitors affecting key enzymes involved in pro-inflammatory lipid mediator biosynthesis such as cyclooxygenases (COX), lipoxygenases (LOX), and microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1). They also inhibit protein SUMOylation by targeting SUMO-activating enzyme E1 and interfere with histone acetyltransferase activity. Additionally, they modulate signaling pathways such as STAT3 via induction of PTEN and SHP-1 tyrosine phosphatase[1][3][4][5][6].

Other names

Ginkgolic acid IIGinkgolic acid C17:1(Z)-6-(Pentadec-8-enyl)-2-hydroxybenzoic acid6-[10-(Z)-Heptadecenyl]salicylic acidNSC 49513NSC49513NSC-49513