glucosaminyl muramyl dipeptide

Glucosaminyl muramyl dipeptide is a synthetic immunomodulatory peptide and a derivative of muramyl dipeptide, a minimal bioactive fragment found in the bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan. The compound modulates innate and adaptive immunity primarily by activating NOD2 (nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2), leading to downstream NF-κB and MAPK signaling, increased cytokine production, and alterations in immune cell function[1][3]. Clinical research indicates beneficial effects in diseases marked by immunopathology, with demonstrated efficacy in reducing the severity of psoriasis through normalization of cytokine levels (including IL-12), adhesion molecules, and nitric oxide metabolism[1]. Mechanistically, GMDP can either enhance or suppress inflammation depending on context, and it is explored as an immunotherapeutic agent and vaccine adjuvant[3]. No marketed brand names or specific product formulations were identified.

Other names

glucosaminylmuramyl-2-alanine-D-isoglutamineglucosaminylmuramyl2-alanine-D-isoglutamineglucosaminylmuramyl 2-alanine-D-isoglutamine