GLX351322

GLX351322 is a potent and selective small molecule inhibitor of NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4). NOX4 is a key enzyme involved in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), specifically hydrogen peroxide, and its dysregulation is linked to oxidative stress, ferroptosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that GLX351322 can mitigate tissue damage and pathological progression in a wide range of disease models, including heart failure, ischemic stroke, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and glaucoma. By inhibiting NOX4, the drug suppresses downstream signaling pathways such as the ROS/Nrf2/HO-1/GPX4 axis and the TGFβ/Smad3 axis. Research has also explored its potential in treating depression, Parkinson's disease, and inflammatory myopathy, often utilizing advanced delivery systems like nanoparticles or ROS-responsive microspheres to enhance its pharmacokinetic properties and brain accumulation.