glycerol

Glycerol is a simple polyol compound that serves as a versatile pharmaceutical agent, metabolic substrate, and humectant. In clinical practice, it is utilized as an osmotic diuretic to reduce intraocular pressure in glaucoma and intracranial pressure in neurological emergencies such as glioblastoma-associated edema. Topically, glycerol is a highly effective humectant used in emollient formulations (e.g., Miniderm) to treat dry skin and atopic dermatitis by enhancing stratum corneum hydration and barrier function. Metabolically, glycerol is a key substrate for hepatic gluconeogenesis and fatty acid esterification; recent clinical research has also identified it as a precursor for de novo glutathione synthesis in the liver, a pathway that may be impaired in patients with obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). It is also widely used as a component in electronic cigarette liquids and as a food additive.

Brand names

MinidermMiniderm DuoMiniderm CompOsmoglynGlyrolOphthalgan

Other names

glyceringlycerine1,2,3-propanetrioltrihydroxypropane