GM-CSF + cyclophosphamide + mitoxantrone

This is a combination therapy consisting of GM-CSF (granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor), cyclophosphamide, and mitoxantrone. The regimen appears to be used in the treatment of hematological malignancies, particularly acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Cyclophosphamide is a nitrogen mustard alkylating agent that must be activated in the liver to form the active aldophosphamide. Mitoxantrone is an antineoplastic agent used in salvage regimens for AML. GM-CSF (sargramostim) is a hematopoietic growth factor that stimulates proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic progenitor cells, affecting development of macrophages and myeloid-derived dendritic cells, and enhancing the function of these cells along with eosinophils.