goniothalamin

Goniothalamin is a naturally occurring styryl lactone secondary metabolite isolated from plants of the genus *Goniothalamus*. It exhibits potent cytotoxic, pro-apoptotic, and antiproliferative activities against various cancer cell lines, including breast, lung, and colorectal cancers. Its mechanism of action involves the depletion of intracellular glutathione (GSH) and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to oxidative stress, protein glutathionylation, and cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. Additionally, goniothalamin acts as a covalent inhibitor of Exportin-1 (XPO1/CRM1) by binding to its reactive cysteine residue (Cys528), thereby blocking nuclear export. It has also been shown to reactivate mutant p53 (specifically the R175H mutant) by facilitating functional restoration through thiolation of redox-sensitive cysteines in the DNA-binding domain.

Other names

(6R)-(+)-goniothalamin(6R)-5,6-dihydro-6-[(1E)-2-phenylethenyl]-2H-pyran-2-one(R)-(+)-goniothalamin(R)-goniothalamin5,6-dihydro-6-styryl-2-pyronone