gonyautoxin 2

Gonyautoxin 2 is a naturally occurring neurotoxic small molecule from the class of paralytic shellfish toxins, specifically a tricyclic guanidine alkaloid structurally related to saxitoxin. Its primary mechanism is selective and reversible blockade of voltage-gated sodium channels on excitable membranes, preventing the initiation and propagation of action potentials and causing temporary paralysis. Gonyautoxin 2 is being developed as an analgesic and muscle relaxant for local administration, under investigation for acute pain (including acute back pain and pain after surgery such as total knee arthroplasty), especially via intramuscular or periarticular infiltration. Its action causes relaxation of smooth muscles and temporary paralysis at the injection site. Developers have included Algenis SpA and 1 A Pharma GmbH.

Other names

gonyautoxin II11α-hydroxysaxitoxin 11-sulfate1h,10h-pyrrolo(1,2-c)purine-9,10,10-triol, 2,6-diamino-4-(((aminocarbonyl)oxy)methyl)-3a,4,8,9-tetrahydro-9-(hydrogen sulfate)(3as-(3a.alpha.,4.alpha.,9.beta.,10ar*))