GPRC5D CAR-T cell therapy

GPRC5D CAR-T cell therapy refers to a class of autologous chimeric antigen receptor T-cell products engineered to recognize and kill cells expressing G protein–coupled receptor class C group 5 member D (GPRC5D), a surface protein highly expressed on multiple myeloma plasma cells with limited expression in normal tissues. These therapies involve leukapheresis to collect patient T cells, ex vivo genetic modification with a GPRC5D-specific CAR construct (often fully human scFv-based), expansion, and reinfusion after lymphodepleting chemotherapy, leading to targeted cytotoxicity via T-cell activation and cytokine release upon antigen engagement.[1][3][9] Multiple investigational GPRC5D-directed CAR-T products, such as CT071 and RD118, have shown high objective response rates and deep minimal residual disease–negative responses in heavily pretreated relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma, with safety profiles characterized mainly by hematologic toxicities, low-grade cytokine release syndrome, and infrequent neurotoxicity.[1][3][9]