GTN025

GTN025 is a small molecule derivative of the natural product komaroviquinone (KQN) currently in preclinical development for the treatment of multiple myeloma. It functions as an inducer of immunogenic cell death (ICD), a process that converts dying cancer cells into a 'vaccine' that stimulates the immune system. GTN025 triggers the translocation of calreticulin to the cell surface and the release of high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) and ATP, which are key damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). These signals promote the maturation of dendritic cells and the subsequent activation of T-cell-mediated anti-tumor immunity. The compound's activity is associated with the induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the upregulation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related genes.