gymnema sylvestre extract + hydroxycitric acid + niacin-bound chromium

This is a combination dietary supplement containing three active ingredients: - **Gymnema sylvestre extract** (GSE): A plant-derived extract traditionally used in Ayurvedic medicine, known for its potential to reduce sugar absorption, modulate sweet taste perception, and support blood glucose regulation. It may also have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. - **Hydroxycitric acid** (HCA), typically derived from Garcinia species (often as HCA-SX): Shown to reduce appetite, inhibit fat synthesis by blocking ATP-citrate lyase, and decrease body weight without stimulating the central nervous system. - **Niacin-bound chromium** (NBC): A form of the essential trace mineral chromium bound to niacin for improved bioavailability; it is thought to help maintain healthy insulin levels and support carbohydrate metabolism. The combination has been studied in moderately obese subjects. Clinical trials indicate that this formula can facilitate weight loss by reducing body weight and BMI, decreasing food intake, lowering total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, serum leptin levels while increasing HDL cholesterol and urinary fat metabolite excretion. The mechanisms involve appetite suppression (HCA), modulation of glucose absorption/taste perception/insulin sensitivity (GSE), and improved insulin action (chromium)[1][7][4].