HA PD-1-CD28 CAR-T

HA PD-1-CD28 CAR-T is an engineered Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR-T) cell therapy designed to overcome T cell exhaustion and improve tumor infiltration, particularly in solid tumors. It features a high-affinity PD-1-CD28 switch receptor, which is engineered by replacing the intracellular inhibitory domain of PD-1 with the activating domain of CD28. This modification allows the CAR-T cells to convert inhibitory PD-1 signals, typically triggered by PD-L1 on tumor cells, into CD28-mediated costimulatory activation. This leads to enhanced activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway, increased T cell proliferation, and potentiated antitumor activity. Preclinical studies have shown its efficacy in solid tumors like Ewing sarcoma and hematological malignancies such as relapsed/refractory B-cell lymphoma, demonstrating improved tumor regression, increased overall survival, and enhanced tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte density. The therapy also exhibits a favorable safety profile in vivo.