Haplo SCT with NK cell infusion

Haplo SCT with NK cell infusion is a cellular immunotherapy regimen being evaluated for the treatment of advanced acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Developed by the Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, the protocol involves a standard haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (Haplo-SCT) followed by a 'boost' of donor-derived natural killer (NK) cells administered approximately one to two weeks post-transplant (typically on day +7). The NK cells are purified from donor apheresis products using immunomagnetic selection to isolate a CD3-negative/CD56-positive population. This approach aims to enhance the graft-versus-leukemia (GvL) effect and reduce the high incidence of relapse (historically around 50%) in high-risk patients by leveraging the innate anti-leukemic activity of NK cells without significantly increasing the risk of graft-versus-host disease (GvHD).

Other names

Haplo SCT-Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS-acute myeloid leukemia-myelodysplastic syndromesNK cell infusion post-haploidentical HSCTDonor NK cell boostHaploidentical Stem Cell Transplantation With or Without NK Cell Infusion