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Heat-killed Lactobacillus plantarum L-137 (HK L-137) is a non-viable bacterial preparation, also known as a postbiotic or immunobiotic, derived from the L-137 strain of *Lactobacillus plantarum* originally isolated from a fermented Southeast Asian dish. [18] Developed by House Wellness Foods, this ingredient functions as an immunomodulator. [21, 28] Its primary mechanism involves inducing the production of interleukin-12 (IL-12) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), which promotes a T helper type 1 (Th1) immune response. [16, 18] The heat-killing process stabilizes the bacterial components, making it resistant to heat and digestive juices and giving it a long shelf life, which allows for its incorporation into a wide variety of dietary supplements and functional foods. [17, 32] Clinical and preclinical studies have investigated its role in enhancing immune function, reducing the incidence of upper respiratory tract infections, improving skin health, and showing potential anti-allergy, anti-tumor, and anti-obesity effects. [18, 19, 25, 29]
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