HER2 mRNA vaccine

HER2 mRNA vaccines represent a class of immunotherapies designed to combat cancers that overexpress the Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) protein. These vaccines deliver messenger RNA (mRNA) sequences encoding the HER2 protein into host cells, often encapsulated within lipid nanoparticles. Once inside the cells, the mRNA is translated into the HER2 protein, which is then processed and presented to the immune system. This presentation stimulates both cellular immunity, primarily through the activation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), and humoral immunity, leading to the production of HER2-specific antibodies. The goal is to train the patient's immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells that display high levels of HER2, thereby overcoming tumor-induced immunosuppression and enhancing anti-tumor responses. HER2 overexpression is found in approximately 20-30% of breast cancers and is associated with aggressive disease, making it a significant target for therapeutic intervention. Researchers at institutions like Duke University and companies such as Virogin Biotech are actively developing and investigating these vaccines.

Other names

HER2/neu vaccine