hesperidin

Hesperidin is a naturally occurring bioflavonoid primarily found in citrus fruits. It is classified as a flavanone glycoside and is known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Hesperidin exerts its effects by scavenging free radicals, reducing oxidative stress, and modulating inflammatory pathways. Mechanistically, it may suppress the expression of inflammatory enzymes such as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), lower levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines like TNF-alpha and IL-6, increase nitric oxide production leading to vasodilation, and inhibit angiotensin-converting enzyme activity to reduce blood pressure[4][6][9]. Clinically, hesperidin has been used—often in combination with diosmin—for conditions related to venous insufficiency such as hemorrhoids, varicose veins, chronic venous insufficiency (CVI), and venous leg ulcers[1][3]. It is also investigated for cardiovascular protection due to its vascular effects.

Other names

hesperetin-7-rutinosidehesperetin7-rutinosidehesperetin 7-rutinosideCirmtin3',5,7-Trihydroxy-4'-methoxyflavanone-7-O-(6-O-a-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-b-D-glucopyranoside