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house dust mite allergen vaccine

Development stage: Approved
Lead developer: ALK Abelló
Modality: Sublingual Immunotherapy → Allergy Immunotherapy → Therapeutic Vaccines → Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, Subcutaneous Immunotherapy → Allergy Immunotherapy → Therapeutic Vaccines → Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
Administration: Subcutaneous, Sublingual

Overview

House dust mite (HDM) allergen vaccine refers to a form of allergen immunotherapy (AIT) used to treat IgE-mediated allergic diseases, primarily allergic asthma and allergic rhinitis. These vaccines consist of standardized extracts from house dust mites, most commonly *Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus* and *Dermatophagoides farinae*. The mechanism involves the repeated administration of the allergen to induce peripheral T-cell tolerance, characterized by a shift from a Th2-dominated immune response to a Th1/Treg response, increased production of IL-10 and TGF-beta, and the induction of allergen-specific IgG4 antibodies which compete with IgE. Standardized HDM vaccines are available in subcutaneous (SCIT) and sublingual (SLIT) formulations and are developed by various companies including ALK-Abelló, Stallergenes Greer, and Zhejiang Wolwo Bio-pharmaceutical. In the context of the ChiCTR-IOR-17011067 trial, it is evaluated as a standardized therapy in combination with traditional Chinese medicine for pediatric allergic asthma.

Brand names: Alutard SQStaloralAcarizaxOdactraDust Mite Drops
Other names: house dust mite allergen immunotherapyHDM-AIThouse dust mite allergen extractstandardized house dust mite vaccine

Targets

TLR4 (Toll-like receptor 4)PAR2 (Protease-activated receptor 2)House dust mite allergen-specific T-cell receptor

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