Human placental lactogen

Human placental lactogen (hPL), also known as human chorionic somatomammotropin (hCS), is a polypeptide hormone produced by the syncytiotrophoblast cells of the placenta during pregnancy. Its structure and function are similar to those of human growth hormone and prolactin. hPL plays a crucial role in modifying the metabolic state of the mother to ensure an adequate energy supply for the fetus. It exhibits anti-insulin properties, leading to decreased maternal insulin sensitivity, increased maternal blood glucose levels, and enhanced lipolysis, which makes free fatty acids available for the mother while sparing glucose for the fetus. hPL also promotes the development of mammary glands in preparation for breastfeeding. While primarily a physiological hormone, hPL has been studied for potential therapeutic effects in animal models, such as stimulating hematopoiesis and maternal behavior. Its levels are clinically measured as an indicator of fetal well-being and placental function, with abnormal levels associated with various pregnancy complications and certain cancers.

Other names

placental lactogenhuman chorionic somatomammotropinhCShuman chorionic somatotropinchorionic somatomammotropin