human zinc insulin

Human zinc insulin refers to a formulation of recombinant human insulin complexed with zinc to modify its pharmacokinetic properties. The addition of zinc creates either an intermediate-acting (Lente) or long-acting (Ultralente) suspension. These insulins were historically used for glycemic control in diabetes mellitus types 1 and 2. Human zinc insulins are produced by recombinant DNA technology and are structurally identical to endogenous human insulin. Zinc ions stabilize the hexameric form of the hormone, slowing absorption from subcutaneous tissue and prolonging duration of action compared to regular (short-acting) insulins. Mechanistically, they lower blood glucose by stimulating peripheral glucose uptake (especially in muscle and fat), inhibiting hepatic glucose production, suppressing lipolysis and proteolysis, and promoting protein synthesis[3][5][8]. Lente-type formulations have been discontinued for humans in many markets due to the availability of more predictable analogs but may still be encountered in some regions or veterinary use[6].

Brand names

Humulin LNovolin LIletin

Other names

insulin zinc suspensionlente insulinextended zinc insulinhuman insulin zinc suspension