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This therapeutic combination, evaluated by Perseverance Research Center, LLC, consists of the antimalarial hydroxychloroquine, the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) indomethacin, and the macrolide antibiotic azithromycin (Zithromax). It was investigated in a Phase II clinical trial (NCT04344457) for the treatment of patients with mild COVID-19 symptoms. The rationale for the cocktail involved hydroxychloroquine's potential to interfere with SARS-CoV-2 viral entry and replication, indomethacin's ability to reduce systemic inflammation and potentially inhibit viral nucleocapsid synthesis, and azithromycin's immunomodulatory effects alongside its role in preventing secondary bacterial infections. The trial was an open-label, single-arm study conducted in Arizona to measure the time to symptom resolution over a 14-day treatment period. Despite initial interest, subsequent large-scale clinical evidence has generally failed to demonstrate a significant clinical benefit for hydroxychloroquine-based regimens in treating COVID-19.
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