hydroxysafflower yellow a

Hydroxysafflower yellow a (HSYA) is a natural chalcone-type C-glycosyl compound and the principal bioactive pigment extracted from the flowers of Carthamus tinctorius L. (safflower). It is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine, particularly for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as angina pectoris, cerebral infarction, and blood stasis syndrome. HSYA exhibits multiple pharmacological activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiplatelet aggregation, anticoagulant, neuroprotective, and anticancer effects. Mechanistically, it modulates several cellular pathways involved in apoptosis, autophagy, inflammation (notably via Piezo1-YAP/JNK signaling), platelet aggregation inhibition (notably through arachidonic acid pathway modulation), and tumor immune microenvironment regulation. Despite its promising therapeutic potential for conditions like ischemic stroke and atherosclerosis as well as various cancers and diabetes complications, clinical application is limited by its chemical instability and low oral bioavailability[1][2][3][4][5][7].

Other names

Safflomin Ahydroxy safflower yellow pigment AHydroxysafflor Yellow A (Standard)Hydroxylsafflower yellow pigment A