hypertonic saline

Hypertonic saline is a concentrated solution of sodium chloride in water, typically defined as having a concentration greater than the physiological 0.9% (isotonic) saline. It is utilized across various medical specialties primarily for its osmotic properties. In respiratory medicine, inhaled hypertonic saline (often 3% to 7%) is used to rehydrate the airway surface liquid, thereby improving mucociliary clearance in patients with cystic fibrosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In critical care and ophthalmology, intravenous hypertonic saline (ranging from 3% to 23.4%) acts as an osmotic agent to reduce intracranial or intraocular pressure by drawing fluid from the intracellular and interstitial spaces into the vascular compartment. It is also investigated for fluid resuscitation in trauma and sepsis to mitigate inflammation and endothelial glycocalyx shedding, and as a sclerosant for fistulas in hidradenitis suppurativa or a prolotherapy agent in osteoarthritis.

Brand names

Natriumklorid Braun

Other names

HSHTShypertonic sodium chloride solutionhypertonic saline solution