icodextrin

Icodextrin is a starch-derived glucose polymer used as an osmotic agent in peritoneal dialysis (PD) solutions. Unlike traditional dextrose-based solutions, icodextrin is absorbed slowly from the peritoneal cavity via the lymphatic system, which allows for the maintenance of a colloid osmotic gradient over long dwell periods (typically 8 to 16 hours). It is primarily indicated for the management of kidney failure in patients requiring long-term renal replacement therapy, particularly those with high-average or high peritoneal transport characteristics who are prone to volume overload. Clinical evidence suggests that icodextrin improves ultrafiltration and solute clearance (such as creatinine and urea nitrogen) while reducing systemic glucose absorption, thereby mitigating metabolic complications like hyperglycemia and hypertriglyceridemia. Additionally, its use has been associated with improved technique survival and reduced mortality in peritoneal dialysis patients.

Brand names

Extraneal

Other names

icodextringlucose polymer