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IL-24 engineered mesenchymal stem cells (IL-24-iMSC) is an experimental cell-based immunotherapy designed to treat non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by remodeling the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). The therapy consists of induced mesenchymal stem cells (iMSCs) derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), which are genetically modified using CRISPR/Cas technology to constitutively secrete Interleukin-24 (IL-24). IL-24 is a cytokine known for its pro-inflammatory and anti-tumor properties. By integrating the IL-24 gene into the B2M locus, these cells provide sustained delivery of the cytokine directly into the TME. Preclinical studies indicate that IL-24-iMSCs increase the infiltration of CD8+ T cells and dendritic cells while reducing the presence of regulatory T cells and exhausted T cells, potentially synergizing with immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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