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IL-24S is an engineered, "superkine" variant of Interleukin-24 (IL-24), also known as Melanoma Differentiation Associated Gene-7 (MDA-7). Developed to improve upon the wild-type cytokine, IL-24S features enhanced secretion and increased stability. It functions by binding to the IL-20 and IL-22 receptor complexes, triggering cancer-specific apoptosis and toxic autophagy across a broad range of human tumors while sparing healthy cells. Beyond its direct tumoricidal effects, IL-24S modulates the immune system by promoting the infiltration and activation of natural killer (NK) cells, T cells, and dendritic cells. In preclinical studies, particularly those conducted at Virginia Commonwealth University, IL-24S has been evaluated as a monotherapy and as a component of a recombinant IL-24S/IL-15 fusion protein delivered via adenoviral vectors for the treatment of glioblastoma.
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