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inactivated poliovirus vaccine + oral poliovirus vaccine
- Development stage
- Unknown
- Lead developer
- Sanofi
- Modality
- Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
- Administration
- Oral, Intramuscular, Subcutaneous
01
Overview
The combination of inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) and oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) is a dual-modality immunization strategy used to provide comprehensive protection against poliomyelitis. IPV, developed by Jonas Salk, consists of formalin-inactivated poliovirus strains (typically Mahoney, MEF-1, and Saukett) and is administered via injection to induce systemic IgG antibodies, which prevent the virus from reaching the central nervous system and causing paralysis. OPV, developed by Albert Sabin, contains live-attenuated poliovirus strains and is administered orally to induce both systemic immunity and intestinal mucosal IgA antibodies. This mucosal immunity is critical for limiting viral replication in the gut and reducing fecal-oral transmission, thereby contributing to community (herd) immunity. The sequential or combined use of these vaccines is a cornerstone of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative, designed to maximize individual protection while minimizing the risk of vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis (VAPP) associated with OPV use.
- Brand names
- IPOLImovax PolioPolio SabinBiOPVmOPV1mOPV-1mOPV 1mOPV2mOPV-2mOPV 2mOPV3mOPV-3mOPV 3
- Other names
- IPV + OPVSalk vaccine + Sabin vaccinepoliovirus vaccine (inactivated) + poliovirus vaccine (oral)
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