INP102

**INP102** is an intranasal liquid formulation of insulin delivered via Impel NeuroPharma's Precision Olfactory Delivery (POD) device, designed for targeted deposition in the upper nasal space to enable nose-to-brain delivery for central nervous system disorders. It acts as a recombinant human insulin that binds to insulin receptors in the brain, potentially improving cognitive function by mimicking physiological insulin signaling impaired in Alzheimer's disease. Developed by Impel NeuroPharma (now Impel Pharmaceuticals), it has advanced to late-stage clinical trials, including Phase 2 and Phase 3 studies funded by the NIH, primarily for mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease, with enhanced bioavailability compared to traditional nasal sprays.[5][7][9]