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insect venom immunotherapy
- Development stage
- Unknown
- Lead developer
- ALK Abelló
- Modality
- Sublingual Immunotherapy → Allergy Immunotherapy → Therapeutic Vaccines → Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, Subcutaneous Immunotherapy → Allergy Immunotherapy → Therapeutic Vaccines → Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
- Administration
- Subcutaneous
01
Overview
Insect venom immunotherapy (VIT) is a disease-modifying treatment for patients with IgE-mediated systemic allergic reactions to Hymenoptera stings (e.g., honeybees, wasps, hornets). The therapy involves the subcutaneous administration of gradually increasing doses of purified insect venom extracts. This process induces immune tolerance by shifting the immune response from a Th2-dominated (allergic) profile to a Th1/Treg-dominated profile, increasing the production of IgG4 blocking antibodies and reducing the sensitivity of mast cells and basophils. VIT is highly effective in preventing future life-threatening anaphylaxis and is typically administered over a period of 3 to 5 years. Major manufacturers include ALK-Abelló and Stallergenes Greer, and the treatment is widely used in clinical practice across Europe and North America.
- Brand names
- Alutard SQPharmalgenAquagenVenomenhalAlbay
- Other names
- venom immunotherapyVITHymenoptera venom immunotherapy
02
Targets
sIgG4 (Allergen-specific immunoglobulin G4)BCR (Immunoglobulin G B Cell Receptor)
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