insulin glargine + NPH insulin

Insulin glargine + NPH insulin is a combination of two basal insulins used to manage blood glucose in people with diabetes mellitus, primarily type 1 and type 2. Insulin glargine is a long-acting recombinant human insulin analog that provides a steady, peakless release of insulin over approximately 24 hours by forming microprecipitates at the injection site, from which small amounts are slowly released. Its mechanism involves binding to the human insulin receptor and activating downstream signaling pathways that promote glucose uptake in muscle and fat while inhibiting hepatic glucose production[2][3][5]. NPH (neutral protamine Hagedorn) or isophane insulin is an intermediate‐acting form of human recombinant or animal-derived (porcine) regular insulin complexed with protamine and zinc to delay absorption after subcutaneous injection. It typically has an onset of action around 1–3 hours, peaks at about 4–12 hours, and lasts up to 16–24 hours[7][8]. Both components lower blood glucose by stimulating peripheral glucose uptake—especially by skeletal muscle and adipose tissue—and inhibiting hepatic gluconeogenesis[3][5]. This combination may be used sequentially or as part of individualized regimens for patients requiring both intermediate and long-term basal glycemic control.

Brand names

Lantus + Humulin NLantus + Novolin NLantus + InsulatardLantus + Gensulin NLantus + SciLin N

Other names

isophane insulinneutral protamine Hagedorn insulincompound insulin zinc suspension (for NPH component)intermediate-acting insulin (for NPH component)