interferon-beta + teriflunomide

This is a combination therapy consisting of interferon-beta (a recombinant protein used as an immunomodulator) and teriflunomide (a small molecule pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties). Both agents are approved for the treatment of relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS) as monotherapies. Interferon-beta acts by modulating immune responses, reducing inflammation, and limiting demyelination in the central nervous system. Teriflunomide inhibits dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, thereby blocking de novo pyrimidine synthesis required for lymphocyte proliferation. The combination has been studied as an add-on therapy in relapsing MS to assess safety and efficacy; clinical data suggest acceptable tolerability and a reduction in MRI disease activity compared to interferon-beta alone. This combination does not have a unique brand name or fixed-dose formulation but refers to concurrent use of both drugs.