inulin

Inulin is a naturally occurring polysaccharide classified as a type of soluble dietary fiber and prebiotic. It consists of β-(2,1) linked linear fructans with varying chain lengths and is primarily derived from plants such as chicory root, garlic, onion, asparagus, and others[8]. Inulin is resistant to digestion by human enzymes in the stomach and small intestine; instead, it reaches the colon intact where it is fermented by beneficial gut bacteria[2][8]. This fermentation process supports the growth of healthy microbiota and leads to production of short-chain fatty acids. Pharmacologically, inulin has several uses: - As a diagnostic agent for measuring glomerular filtration rate (GFR), since it is freely filtered at the glomerulus but neither secreted nor reabsorbed by renal tubules[1][4][5]. - As a dietary supplement for its prebiotic effects—supporting gut health—and potential benefits in constipation relief, blood sugar regulation (especially for diabetes), lipid metabolism (cholesterol/triglycerides), mineral absorption enhancement (notably calcium), immune modulation via effects on intestinal barrier function and immune cell differentiation[2][3][6][8]. Mechanistically: - Inulin acts as a substrate for colonic bacteria. - It modulates immune responses by influencing T regulatory cells and promoting secretion of protective mucins. - It does not elevate blood glucose because it resists enzymatic breakdown into monosaccharides during digestion[1]. Inulin has been used widely as an ingredient in functional foods due to its fat-replacing properties and ability to improve texture.

Brand names

OraftiFrutafitFibruline

Other names

fructanβ-(2,1) linear fructanchicory root fiber