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131I IMMU-4 is a radiopharmaceutical consisting of the murine monoclonal antibody IMMU-4, which targets carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), labeled with the radioisotope iodine-131 (131I). Developed by Immunomedics, it was primarily investigated for the radioimmunotherapy of CEA-expressing tumors, particularly colorectal adenocarcinoma with liver metastases. The antibody component binds specifically to CEA (CEACAM5) on the surface of tumor cells, serving as a delivery vehicle for the 131I isotope. The localized beta radiation emitted by 131I induces DNA damage and subsequent cell death in the targeted malignant tissues. Clinical research also explored the synergy between 131I IMMU-4 and hyperthermia to enhance therapeutic efficacy. The development of this murine-based agent was eventually superseded by humanized versions, such as labetuzumab, to reduce the risk of human anti-mouse antibody (HAMA) responses.
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