ipilimumab + nivolumab + panitumumab

This is a combination therapy consisting of three monoclonal antibodies: - **Ipilimumab** (anti–cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4, CTLA-4 inhibitor) - **Nivolumab** (anti–programmed cell death protein 1, PD-1 inhibitor) - **Panitumumab** (anti–epidermal growth factor receptor, EGFR inhibitor) The regimen is designed to treat patients with metastatic colorectal cancer that is microsatellite stable and wild-type for KRAS/NRAS/BRAF. Ipilimumab and nivolumab are immune checkpoint inhibitors that release the brakes on T-cell activation by blocking CTLA-4 and PD-1, respectively. Panitumumab targets EGFR to inhibit tumor cell proliferation and survival. The rationale for this combination is that panitumumab increases tumor immunogenicity by enhancing antigen presentation and T-cell infiltration, while dual checkpoint blockade further amplifies anti-tumor immune responses. In a phase II clinical trial in this patient population, the combination demonstrated an overall response rate of approximately 32%, with some durable responses observed even after cessation of therapy. The safety profile was consistent with known toxicities of these agents[1][5][6].