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isoniazid + ethambutol
- Development stage
- Unknown
- Modality
- Small Molecules
- Administration
- Oral
01
Overview
Isoniazid + ethambutol is a fixed-dose combination of two first-line antimycobacterial agents used in the treatment of tuberculosis. Isoniazid acts by inhibiting the synthesis of mycolic acids essential for the bacterial cell wall in *Mycobacterium tuberculosis*, leading to bacterial death. Ethambutol inhibits arabinosyl transferases involved in cell wall biosynthesis and is bacteriostatic. The combination exploits their complementary mechanisms and has demonstrated synergistic activity; ethambutol can enhance the effect of isoniazid by repressing *inhA* gene expression via EtbR-mediated transcriptional repression[3][4]. This combination is primarily indicated for active pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis as part of multi-drug regimens.
- Brand names
- CombunexMyconexIso KoxiIso SunibutolVisocoxZibutol INHCavibutol-HCoxridTolnexBeethom-INH
- Other names
- isoniazid + ethambutol
02
Targets
AftA (Arabinosyltransferase AftA)InhAEtbR (Ethambutol-regulated repressor)
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