IT-4 F

IT-4 F is an acceptor-donor-acceptor (A-D-A) type molecule that is assembled into water-dispersible nanoparticles (IT-4 F NPs). These nanoparticles exhibit near-infrared (NIR) absorption and fluorescence, functioning as phototheranostics. Under NIR laser irradiation, IT-4 F NPs efficiently convert photon energy into heat (photothermal conversion efficiency of 42.8%) and generate reactive oxygen species, specifically singlet oxygen (quantum yield of 31.5%) and superoxide anion. This dual action enables NIR fluorescence imaging-guided photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT). The therapeutic effect involves inducing immunogenic cell death and PANoptosis in tumor cells, leading to the inhibition of tumor growth and metastasis, and stimulating a robust immune response characterized by increased infiltration of CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, dendritic cells, and a reduction in immunosuppressive cells.